Guía de práctica clínica para la prevención, la detección temprana, el diagnostico, el tratamiento y el seguimiento de la ambliopía en menores de 18 años
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Objetivo: Generar recomendaciones para la prevención, detección temprana, diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento de la ambliopía en menores de 18 años con el fin de apoyar al personal de salud en los diferentes servicios encargados de la atención.
Materiales y métodos: Se conformó un grupo interdisciplinario para desarrollar la guía. Se definieron alcance, objetivos, preguntas y desenlaces de la guía. Se realizó una búsqueda de guías sobre manejo de Ambliopía, las guías encontradas fueron calificadas con el Instrumento AGREE II. La Guía de Práctica Clínica (GPC) de Ambliopía de la Asociación Americana de Oftalmología AAO del año 2012 (1) cumplió con los requisitos para realizar adopción del conjunto de evidencia y adaptación de recomendaciones. Con el fin de actualizar la citada guía, se realizó una búsqueda de literatura de revisiones sistemáticas, ensayos clínicos, estudios de cohorte, estudios de casos y controles en las bases de datos MEDLINE, EMBASE y CENTRAL publicados desde un año antes de la fecha de búsquedas realizadas por la Guía de la AAO. Se evaluó la calidad metodológica de los artículos seleccionados. Se elaboraron las tablas de evidencia por medio del software GRADEpro® 3.6 y se generaron las recomendaciones bajo la metodología GRADE.
Resultados: Se formularon recomendaciones para la prevención, detección temprana, diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento de la ambliopía en menores de 18 años. Adicionalmente se presentan varias preguntas generales que sirven al lector para contextualizarse en el tema de la GPC pero que no generan recomendaciones.
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